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The China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Association recently released the Guidance Opinions on the Structural Adjustment of the Petroleum and Chemical Industry and the Guiding Opinions on the Revitalization and Support of the Petroleum and Chemical Industry, which are used to carry out supporting interpretation and further deployment of the "Petroli industrial adjustment and revitalization plan." Two "Guiding Opinions" suggested that China's petrochemical industry is currently in a critical period of structural adjustment and industrial upgrading. The entire industry must effectively change the mode of development, promote industrial upgrading through structural adjustment, and promote long-term industrial development through technological innovation.
Recently, the China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Association released the “Guiding Opinions on the Structural Adjustment of the Petroleum and Chemical Industry†and the “Guiding Opinions on the Revitalization and Support of the Petroleum and Chemical Industry Industry†(hereinafter referred to as the “Guiding Opinionsâ€) formulated by the Association.
In an interview with reporters, Li Yongwu, president of the China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Association, said: "The two "Guiding Opinions" are complementary interpretations of the "Planning and Revitalization Plan for the Petrochemical Industry" and have strong operability. It is necessary to advance the petrochemical industry to further accelerate structural adjustment and achieve sustained and healthy development."
Structural adjustment is an inherent requirement of industrial development
"At present, China's petroleum and chemical industries have entered a period of rapid development characterized by structural adjustment and industrial upgrading," said Li Yongwu. At present, China's oil and chemical industry is second only to the United States in economic terms, and has leapt to the second place in the world. The production capacity of major products has increased substantially. The output of traditional products such as chemical fertilizers, pesticides, soda ash, caustic soda, and dye ranks among the highest in the world. Ethylene and synthetics The self-sufficiency of the shortage of products such as resin and synthetic rubber has also greatly improved.
Although China is already a major producer and consumer of the oil and chemical industry, the overall level and competitiveness of the industry still need to be improved. The extensive development model focusing on scale expansion over the years has caused the overall quality of the industry's economic growth to be low, and the foundation for achieving sustainable development has not been solid. After years of accumulation, many deep-seated contradictions in the industry have begun to appear. Especially under the impact of the international financial crisis, problems with unreasonable structure have been further revealed.
At present, the main problems existing in China's oil and chemical industry are above all the irrational product structure. The overcapacity of low-end products, fierce market competition, and insufficient supply of high-end products require high-priced imports. Second, the shortage of resources is increasingly becoming a bottleneck restricting the further development of the industry. The external dependence on petroleum, natural rubber, sulfur, and potassium fertilizers is all above 50%. Third, environmental pressure has become another prominent problem faced by the industry. The petrochemical industry is a major emitter of pollutants. Wastewater, exhaust gas, and waste solids respectively rank the first, fourth, and fifth place in the national industrial industry. The discharge of major pollutants, such as ammonia nitrogen compounds and sulfur dioxide, is also at the forefront of the industrial production industry.
In addition, the overall size of the industry enterprises, the large number, and the disperse layout have led to a weak industry competitiveness. The industry’s lack of technological innovation capacity and lack of new growth points in the industry are also important reasons for the low-level redundant construction.
“Big but not strong is the status quo of China’s petrochemical industry,†Li Yongwu said. “It is precisely because of this that the petrochemical industry can achieve sustainable development only if there are relatively large adjustments in the industrial, product, and corporate organizational structure.†Traditional Extensive The growth model has been unable to adapt to the requirements of the development of the new situation, accelerate the structural adjustment, promote industrial upgrading, change the growth mode, and take the development path of the circular economy. This is the internal requirement for the further development of the petrochemical industry, and it is also the formulation of two "Guiding Opinions." Original intention.
Structural adjustment is a practical need for industrial upgrading
In the second half of the international financial crisis in 2008, the world's petroleum and chemical industries entered the downturn period of the boom cycle, and the domestic petrochemical industry was also severely affected.
However, in the event that the industry as a whole is impacted, high-end products are much less affected than low-end primary products. "Only by accelerating the adjustment of product structure and increasing the proportion of high-end products can we enhance the industry's ability to resist risks," said Li Yongwu.
Accelerating structural adjustment and industrial upgrading is an important guiding ideology for the "Plant Industry Adjustment and Revitalization Plan" issued this year. In order to implement the planning requirements, many regions also formulated plans for the revitalization of the petrochemical industry in the region. According to the situation held by the China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Association, there are still blind and repeated construction phenomena in some areas. Li Yongwu said: “The overcapacity of phosphate fertilizer in China is about 40%, but the investment in phosphate fertilizer in the first 8 months of this year has increased by 85.4 years. %, this shows that the situation of unreasonable structure needs further rectification, and the adjustment of the industrial structure is a long and arduous task."
“In the case where the bulk petrochemical commodity market has become relatively saturated, the blind implementation of the project will only lead to more serious overcapacity and waste of resources,†said Zhao Jungui, vice president of the China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Association. For the petrochemical industry, the essence of structural adjustment is to achieve industrial upgrading, eliminate backward production capacity, and cultivate new economic growth points. "Adjustment is not a slogan. It must be a solid action," said Li Yongwu.
Technology is a powerful support for industrial restructuring
"The oil and chemical industry is a technology-intensive industry, and structural adjustment and industrial upgrading must rely on scientific and technological progress," Li Yongwu told reporters. As the main means of implementing structural adjustment, technological innovation has been increasingly valued by the industry and enterprises.
After years of development, the petrochemical industry has formed a scientific research and development system with complete professional support and complete categories, and has achieved a large number of scientific research achievements. However, at the same time, there are also problems such as the lack of industry basic research and common technology development strengths, and the inability of the engineering transformation of results. The reporter learned from the China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Association that at present, China's oil and chemical industry has achieved a conversion rate of less than 30%. Some important equipment and components used in separation technology applications cannot provide high-quality products at home.
"In order to improve the technical level of the industry and vigorously promote structural adjustment, we have also compiled the "Guiding Opinions on the Revitalization and Support of Petroleum and Chemical Industry Industry" to promote a number of advanced energy-saving technologies, cleaner production technologies, scarce products, and high-end product industrialization technologies in the industry. Comprehensive utilization of resources, etc." Pan Derun, vice president of the China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Association, which is responsible for the preparation of the "Guiding Opinions," said.
At present, the association is actively organizing enterprises to apply for national key scientific and technological plan projects and national innovation capacity building projects, promote cooperation between enterprises and universities, research institutes, actively establish strategic alliances for industrial technology innovation, and accelerate the industrialization of scientific research achievements. In the next step, the association will further organize the implementation of the petrochemical industry rejuvenation and special technological reforms, vigorously support the development of emerging industries such as functional composite materials and bio-chemicals, and cultivate new economic growth points for the industry.
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An Interpretation of the Guiding Opinions on the Structural Adjustment of Petroleum and Chemical Industry
Interpretation: The elimination of backwardness is mainly due to the high-energy, low-efficiency, and pollution-contaminated production processes such as the mercury-method caustic soda and the indigenous oil refining, as well as products with poor performance and environmental pollution such as polychlorinated biphenyls and tar-based polyurethanes. Coatings, etc. must be eliminated. Products that have already been seriously over-absorbed, such as caustic soda and biased tires, must be strictly restricted; development of oil, natural gas, synthetic rubber, and other highly efficient, environmentally friendly, and environmentally friendly pesticides should be encouraged.
"Guidelines for structural adjustment of petroleum and chemical industries"
In order to clarify the key points of industrial restructuring, the Guidance Opinions on the Structural Adjustment of the Petroleum and Chemical Industry has listed the "Guidelines for the structural adjustment of the petroleum and chemical industries", which regulates the products and processes of the encouraged, restricted, and eliminated categories.
1. Encourage categories: The "Guidelines for the structural adjustment of the petroleum and chemical industries" list industries that need to be encouraged, including oil, natural gas and oil refining, and chemicals.
2. Restricted categories: "Guidelines for Structural Adjustment of the Petroleum and Chemical Industry" lists a total of 78 types of industrial development projects and installations that need to be restricted, including 8 million tons/year of under-experienced-refining oil refining equipment and new-build 1 million tons/year-catalyzed Cracking unit, continuous reforming unit of 600,000 tons/year (including aromatics extraction), and delayed coking unit of 1 million tons/year or less.
3. Elimination Category: "Guidelines for the structural adjustment of the petroleum and chemical industries" list 40 kinds of outdated technological equipment that need to be eliminated in the development of industry and 42 kinds of backward products.
Interpretation: The "Guidelines for structural adjustment of the petroleum and chemical industry" selected "encouragement, restriction, and elimination" from the perspective of product performance, energy consumption, and pollutant discharge. Domestic products with low self-sufficiency rates and severe market shortages, as well as process technologies and equipment with low energy consumption and low pollution, are industries that need to encourage development; domestic products that have surplus or tend to be surplus, and energy consumption and pollutant discharge are not advanced enough. Processes and devices are the industries that want to restrict development; products that are toxic or harmful, or that have been replaced by advanced products, and processes and equipment that are high in energy consumption and heavy in pollution are the industries that need to be eliminated.
Explanation on the Guidance of the Guidance on the Revitalization and Support of Petrochemical Industry
"10+2" Key Areas in the "Guiding Opinions on the Revitalization and Support of Petroleum and Chemical Industry"
10 industries: oil and gas exploration and development, petroleum refining, petrochemicals, fertilizers, pesticides, rubber processing, new coal chemical industry, chlor-alkali, chemical new materials, fine chemicals.
Two common areas: chemical equipment, environmental protection.
Interpretation: The top 10 industries, such as oil and gas exploration and development and petroleum refining, are both major branches of the petroleum and chemical industries and occupy a decisive position. They are also key areas identified in the “Planning and Revitalization of the Petrochemical Industryâ€.
Chemical equipment and environmental protection have two common areas. Their technologies involve various fields in the oil and chemical industry. To achieve adjustment and revitalization of the industry, technological advances in these two fields must be addressed.
The 130 key supporting technologies mainly focus on three key directions: product structure adjustment, energy saving and emission reduction, and breakthrough in resource constraints.
To strengthen operability, the Guidance Opinions on the Revitalization and Support of the Petroleum and Chemical Industry Industry has listed the Oil and Chemical Industry Revitalization Support Technology Catalogue. It has divided 130 key support technologies into two categories: One is advanced, mature, and required. There are a total of 58 technologies that have been vigorously promoted, such as geological formation and exploration technologies for lithologic formations and oil and gas reservoirs; one is for large-scale industries, good market prospects, and technologies that still need to be developed and further developed, such as large-scale oil and gas fields and coalbed methane development. There are a total of 72 exploration and development technologies for carbonate reservoirs.
Interpretation: 130 key support technologies serve the following three major tasks.
The main task of the product structure adjustment and technology support is to achieve product refinement and customization and improve its international competitiveness; to improve the performance and quality of petrochemical products and to improve the supporting capabilities of petrochemical products for other industries in the national economy.
The main tasks of the energy conservation and emission reduction science and technology support are to develop new energy-saving technologies and new technologies, develop energy recovery technologies, clean production technologies, and comprehensive resource utilization technologies.
The main task of breaking through resource constraints is to rationally use China’s valuable petroleum, sulfur, and phosphorus resources, increase recovery, and develop comprehensive utilization technologies for its associated mineral resources; in combination with the current status of resources in China, and actively develop new coal chemical and biological The petroleum represented by chemicals, etc. substitutes for chemical technology routes to reduce dependence on petroleum resources.