Qinghai Province implements ecological animal husbandry construction mode

Ma Qingde, deputy director of the Provincial Department of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, said that for a long time, the development of grassland ecology and production has become increasingly prominent in the pastoral area of ​​the province with single-family production and simple expansion. According to the data in 2008, more than 90% of the pastures in the province have degraded to varying degrees. Compared with the initial period of liberation, the grass yield per grass area decreased by 10%-40%, and the per capita grassland area decreased from 144 hectares to 42 hectares. In 2010, the province's herdsmen's net income was only 3,478 yuan, which was 385 yuan lower than the per capita income of farmers and herdsmen in the province. The problem is forced. Only by taking the path of ecological animal husbandry development can we solve the contradiction between ecology, production and life.
After 6 years of hard work, 883 ecological animal husbandry cooperatives have been set up in the pastoral areas of the province, and the ecological animal husbandry construction mode such as “shareholding system”, “united household system” and “generational animal husbandry system” has been explored, and the mechanism system has been initially explored. A new way to achieve a win-win situation in ecological production and life. In particular, in the past two years, the province has concentrated on optimizing the top-level design of “6381” as the core of the national grassland ecological animal husbandry pilot zone, highlighting the adjustment of production relations, and promoting the shareholding system reform in 100 pilot zones in the province. Substantial breakthrough. It solves the problem that has long plagued the combination of “unification” and “point” in the development of animal husbandry, and also provides experience and explores the path for a virtuous circle of ecological production and life.
Ma Qingde said that both Lagage and Meilong Ecological Animal Husbandry Cooperatives have a distinctive feature, that is, to use grass-fixing animals as the threshold for cooperative members to enter the community, first enter the grass hills, and then check the number of cattle and sheep according to the carrying capacity. Excess cattle and sheep are either sold on their own or in a unified concentration of fattening. From the system, the implementation of "reducing livestock does not reduce efficiency, reducing livestock without reducing income" has blocked overloading and grazing. At the same time, because the joint-stock cooperatives have the ability to uniformly deploy their own grass hills, the grassland should be banned, the rest of the ban, the governance of the grazing, the grazing of the grazing, the recycling of the peasants, and the cooperatives in place of the shareholding system can pass the grass Balance, let the grassland return to green, and people and nature return to harmony.
Wang Huilin said that in the construction of the pilot area, we have clarified the connotation of the shareholding cooperative business model. This is the grassland cattle and sheep shareholding, livestock breeding, grassland rotation, grassroots division, division of labor, dividends, dividends, and wages. Along this direction, cooperatives with a number of shares in place, strong endogenous power, well-organized organizations, and continuous increase in the masses have emerged throughout the province. The shareholding has clearly brought about the grass mountain division, the cattle and sheep group, the division of labor, and also provided the foundation and space for the differentiation of animal products and the classification of pastoral industries, which has released great potential for the development of pastoral areas. For example, in the Haibei Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, the Tibetan lambs weighed 35 kilograms in the same year, and they were able to breed in the same year. The ewes achieved “two years and three births”. There are only 129 people engaged in animal husbandry in the Lagage cooperative, and the remaining 212 people are liberated from the traditional animal husbandry and engaged in tourism, hotels, engineering and other secondary and tertiary industries.

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September 25, 2024