New Energy Automotive Motors: Three Types of Enterprises or Leading Roles

The drive motor system is one of the core components of new energy vehicles. The motor drive control system is the main executive structure of the new energy vehicle. Its driving characteristics determine the main performance indicators of the car. It is an important part of the electric vehicle. The motor drive system is mainly composed of a motor, a power converter, a controller, various detection sensors, and a power supply.

Electric motors have three main forms of motors: asynchronous motors, permanent magnet synchronous motors, and switched reluctance motors. Among them, asynchronous motors are mainly used in pure electric vehicles, permanent magnet synchronous motors are mainly used in hybrid vehicles, and switched reluctance motors are currently mainly used in passenger cars. Each of the above three options has advantages and disadvantages, so the reliability and cost of mass production are more important than the solution itself.

Different from general industrial motors, drive motors used in automobiles should have characteristics such as wide speed range, large starting torque, high backup power, and high efficiency. In addition, high reliability, high temperature resistance and moisture resistance, simple structure, and cost are required. Low, simple maintenance, suitable for large-scale production. In the future, the drive motor system for electric vehicles in China will develop in the direction of permanent magnetization, digitization, and integration.

Globally, brushed DC motors, general synchronous motors, induction motors, and brushed magnet motors have the longest history of commercialization, and product replacements continue to be applied so far. Japan's motor industrialization level is higher. In recent years, electric vehicles developed by the United States and Europe use AC induction motors, while Japan uses permanent magnet motors. The automotive drive motor industry is still a small industry in the motor industry in China. The manufacturing threshold is high, and the motor drive system still has many gaps and deficiencies. Fortunately, domestic policy support will accelerate the pace of the industry.

Three types of companies will compete in automotive motor drive systems. According to the calculation of the scale of new energy vehicles in the industrial planning, the motor drive system will form an industrial scale of 20 billion to 30 billion yuan in output value within 3-5 years. At present, there are mainly three categories of motor drive system companies in China: those with traditional manufacturing experience of complete vehicles and parts and components. The representatives are Wanxiang Group, SAIC Group, FAW Group, Second Automobile Group, Dongfeng Group, Shenzhen Wuzhou Dragon and Yuchai. Group, China South Locomotive, etc.; companies with other fields of motor production experience, represented by Ocean Motors, Jiangte Motors, China Textile Ruili, etc.; specifically for electric vehicles established motor companies, represented by Beijing Jingjin Electric, Shanghai Electric Drive, Shanghai Grand County Automation.

We have judged that with the gradual increase of cakes for the automotive drive motor system in the future, the three types of enterprises are expected to exert their strengths and win-win cooperation. Judging from the application of new energy vehicles, motor companies supporting electric buses will benefit the earliest, such as Wanxiang, CSR and Wuzhoulong. The market position of the forerunners in this field has been relatively stable. In the long run, the largest cake is still a private car, but its industrialization needs to be further strengthened by the implementation of subsidies.