Xiamen Jiashen Energy Technology Co., Ltd. used Fujian low-quality pulverized coal resources to produce a spherical spheroidal coal with a hollow structure. After four industrial coal-fired fields application experiments, the clean and energy-saving combustion effect was achieved. Cavity briquette technology and its corresponding molding process and equipment are the first, filling the gaps in industrial briquette technology at home and abroad. Once this major technological innovation is promoted nationwide, it will play a positive role in promoting the development, clean development, safe development and sustainable development of China's coal resources.
1. Cavity briquette can completely replace lump coal to achieve clean and energy-saving combustion effect. It is an industrial type coal product with high added value.
The innovation of this technology lies in the fact that the raw materials come from the cheap low-quality pulverized coal resources of Fujian Real Estate. After high temperature and high pressure molding, the structure is novel, the combustion performance is superior, the clean energy saving effect is obvious, and the traditional solid core coal and lump coal are not completely burned. Full and residual cinder core problems.
The thermal efficiency utilization rate of traditional solid core coal and lump coal is generally between 80% and 85%, and the combustion is insufficient and pollutes the environment. In order to achieve the effect of burning out and eliminating the cinder nucleus, domestic and foreign attempts have been made to incorporate some explosive elements into the pulverized coal raw materials to promote the occurrence of blasting or cracking during the combustion process. However, the use of such bursting combustion is quite limited, and the process is complicated and difficult to control. Xiamen Jiashen Company must have a scientific and reasonable ventilation ratio table around the coal combustion process, overcome the technical and technical obstacles, and achieve significant innovation in the physical and chemical structure of the cavity coal.
In August 2002, Suzhou Iron and Steel Plant used 0.3 tons of cavity briquette to conduct gas application experiments in the No. 1 gas furnace in the thin-plate workshop. From August 20 to 29, 2005, Jiangsu Nantian Group Fertilizer Company used 300 tons of cavities. Coal briquettes for chemical fertilizer production and gas application experiments; on November 7, 2006, Xiamen Huadaxin Industry and Trade Co., Ltd. used 30 tons of cavity briquette to replace the application of coke; December 28, 2006, Daejeon Shenghe Casting and Metallurgy Co., Ltd. used 30 tons of cavity briquette to carry out application experiments instead of high quality lump coal.
The results of the above four application experiments show that: 1. The thermal efficiency of cavity coal is over 98%, and the coal saving rate is above 18%. 2. The concentration of sulfur dioxide in cavity coal is reduced by 41%, the emission is reduced by 43%, the concentration of soot is reduced by 40%, and the emission is reduced by 42%. 3. The cavity type coal produced by Fujian Real Estate inferior pulverized coal has the same gas volume and gas quality as the high quality lump coal, which can change the current situation of high quality lump coal in China's chemical production. The conclusion of the application experiment of 300 tons of cavity coal in Jiangsu Nantian Group Fertilizer Company shows that the cost per ton of synthetic ammonia can be reduced by more than 90 yuan.
Through these experiments, it can be seen that the cavity briquette is an industrial type coal product with high added value. As a primary energy application, the utilization efficiency of coal resources can be almost reached; when it is converted into secondary energy, it becomes A clean industrial combustion gas can greatly reduce the cost of end products when using cavity coal to produce industrial gas for chemical synthesis intermediates.
Fujian Province has less coal resources and poor coal quality. Three-quarters of industrial coal needs to be transferred from other provinces. It is understood that during the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan†period in Fujian Province, the annual output of coal is 15 million tons, and about 6 million tons of inferior pulverized coal resources can be used to produce cavity type coal, which can basically meet the demand for industrial coal in the province. According to the calculation of the annual output of 6 million tons of cavity coal, the conservative coal saving rate is 15%, and the annual coal saving is 900,000 tons. With a market price of 600 yuan per ton of lump coal, the economic benefit of only one coal saving per year is 540 million yuan. From pollution reduction and improvement of atmospheric environment analysis, it can reduce dust emissions and sulfur dioxide emissions by more than 40%, and the ecological benefits are very obvious. Second, the cavity type coal meets the basic national conditions of China's coal-based energy source and is of strategic significance for building a resource-saving and environment-friendly society.
Based on the strategic considerations of national energy security, China will adhere to the domestic policy of energy supply for a long time and use coal as the main energy source. However, the large-scale use of coal will inevitably lead to two global environmental problems, one is due to the formation of acid rain due to the emission of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides; the other is the global warming due to excessive carbon dioxide emissions, forming a greenhouse effect. Therefore, the fundamental way out for coal as the main energy source is to convert coal from primary energy to secondary energy. The coal gasification technology uses coal to be converted into a synthesis gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide, which is the most advanced way for coal to be converted into secondary energy, which can significantly improve combustion efficiency and effectively reduce environmental pollution.
As far as the world is concerned, the gasification furnaces used in coal gasification technology are mainly divided into three types: fixed bed, fluidized bed and entrained flow bed. Among them, the entrained flow gasifier is currently a clean, environmentally friendly and efficient coal gasification type. China uses a large number of fixed bed gasifiers and industrial coal combustion and gasification facilities. It is widely used in metallurgy, fertilizer, nonferrous, machinery, ceramics, glass and other industrial fields.
However, the problem is that the fixed bed gasifier has higher requirements on the particle size of the burning lump coal and the stability of different batches of coal. If the particle size is unevenly graded and the coal quality index is unstable, not only the user is screened. Coal fuel brings trouble to the operation and directly affects the gas production effect and gas production quality of the gasifier. Cavity briquette is a technologically innovative product used in fixed bed gasifiers to produce industrial gas, which has proven to be effective through application experiments. In the long run, cavity coal has completely independent intellectual property rights. It has no similar products in the domestic industrial coal market at home and abroad. It has exclusive and monopolistic technology, which is in line with China's basic national conditions for a long period of time.
China's coal output has increased year by year, but the supply of lump coal has become increasingly tight and prices have remained high. An important reason for the shortage of lump coal is that with the increase in mechanization, the lump coal rate of coal mining is only 20%. According to incomplete statistics, the total amount of accumulated pulverized coal resources in the country amounts to hundreds of millions of tons per year. Except for some extensive use, they have not been effectively utilized. Through the cavity briquette technology processing and forming, fully exploiting these “idle†pulverized coal resources, it can be used for fuel briquette (industrial boiler, steam locomotive, industrial kiln, forging furnace, foundry furnace, rolling steel heating furnace), Gas-type briquette (fertilizer gas-forming coal, fuel gas-generating coal), coking coal (including cold pressing, hot pressing, for smelting and casting), coking with coal, effectively alleviating the shortage of lump coal The situation creates enormous material wealth and achieves comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development.
3. Cavity briquette is a resource and environmental industry project with long-term investment value. It can be gradually promoted in coastal coal transfer ports on the basis of pilot.
Cavity briquette is a major technological innovation with great potential and wide application. It should be used as a breakthrough and an important starting point for adjusting the economic structure and transforming the growth mode. There are three regions that can be prioritized in specific application promotion: (1) areas with raw coal resources; (2) coastal coal transit transfer ports; and (3) areas where industrial gas producers are relatively concentrated. From the perspective of operability, we can first improve the industrialization demonstration base of the technology, generate economies of scale and gain experience. On this basis, we can transfer the complete set of production technology and gradually promote it in the coastal coal transfer port. China's important industrial bases are mainly distributed in coastal areas. Lump coal is an indispensable energy resource, and the demand gap is large. However, most of the lump coal used in these areas, especially gas-making lump coal, is transferred from Shanxi and other places and transferred through coastal ports to enter the terminal coal equipment for combustion or gasification. In this transfer process, a large amount of lump coal was impacted into broken coal, coal dust, and coal powder, which had to be reduced in price and downgraded, which not only caused waste of high-quality coal resources, but also directly led to an increase in end-user GDP energy costs.
The cavity briquette technology is essentially a lump coal regeneration technology. By collecting coal briquettes, coal chips and coal powder in the process of centralized recovery of lump coal, it is processed into industrial briquette which can completely replace lump coal, which does not occupy the country. The coal planning transportation index, the raw materials used in the local materials, belongs to the recovery and utilization of the lost resources in the process of coal transportation circulation, and helps to alleviate the tight demand of lump coal and realize the recycling of lump coal resources. If the lost coal recovery can be carried out at several major coal transfer ports along the coast, the renewable lump coal resources are equivalent to the construction of a medium-sized coal mine with an annual output of 5 million tons, and the economic and social benefits are obvious.
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